{"id":38172,"date":"2013-02-27T18:05:16","date_gmt":"2013-02-27T15:05:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/"},"modified":"2022-07-28T14:02:13","modified_gmt":"2022-07-28T11:02:13","slug":"sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/","title":{"rendered":"History, issue 1\/2013, Volume 21"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a>\u00a0\u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \/ CONTENTS
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u041a\u042a\u041c \u0427\u0418\u0422\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ EDITORIAL – <\/strong>\u0441\u0442\u0440. 7<\/p>\n

\"icon\" <\/a>Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

REVIEW<\/strong>
\n\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0412. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/em>)
\n[The Bulgarian History from the Ukrainian Perspective (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043di\u0439, \u0412. I\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440i\u044f \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440i\u0457<\/em>)] \/
\n\u0418. \u0411\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430 \/ I. Baeva<\/em> – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 8<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u041f\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0415\u0414 \u041d\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ VIEW OVER THE BALKAN PENINSULA<\/strong>
\n\u0422\u044e\u0442\u044e\u043d\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u044a\u0442 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438 \u0427\u0430\u043b\u0431\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0446\u0430<\/a>
\n[Georgi Chalburov \u2013 the Refugee Tobacco Retailer] \/<\/a>
\n\u041a\u0440. \u0423\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Kr. Uzunova<\/em> – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 14<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0426\u0418\u0412\u0418\u041b\u0418\u0417\u0410\u0426\u0418\u041e\u041d\u041d\u0418 \u0413\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0418 \/ CIVILIZATION BOUNDARIES<\/strong>
\n\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1965 \u0433. <\/a>
\n[Japan\u2019s Policy to ROK and the Normalization of Their Relations in 1965] \/ <\/a>
\n\u0411. \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430 \/ B. Miteva<\/em> – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 29<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u044a\u0446\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0445\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0430 (1967\u20131974) <\/a>
\n[Bulgarian-Greek Relations during the Military Junta Regime (1967\u20131974)] \/ <\/a>
\n\u0422. \u041a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ T. Kostadinova<\/em> – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 44<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0418\u0421\u0422\u041e\u0420\u0418\u042f \u0418 \u0421\u042a\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0418\u0415 \/ HISTORY AND MODERN TIMES<\/strong>
\nThe Idea of Kazakh Renaissance <\/a>
\n[\u0418\u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435] \/<\/a>
\nG. Kogabayeva \/ \u0413. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430 <\/em>– \u0441\u0442\u0440. 70<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0425\u0420\u041e\u041d\u0418\u041a\u0418 \/ CHRONICLES<\/strong> – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 80<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0417\u0410 \u0412\u0410\u0428\u0410\u0422\u0410 \u0411\u0418\u0411\u041b\u0418\u041e\u0422\u0415\u041a\u0410 \/ FOR YOUR LIBRARY <\/strong>– \u0441\u0442\u0440. 83<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0414\u0420\u0423\u0413\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u0421\u041f\u0418\u0421\u0410\u041d\u0418\u042f \u041d\u0410 \u0418\u0417\u0414\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u0421\u0422\u0412\u041e \u201e\u0410\u0417 \u0411\u0423\u041a\u0418\u201c \u041f\u0423\u0411\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0423\u0412\u0410\u0422 \/<\/strong>
\nPUBLISHED IN THE \u201eAZ BUKI\u201c JOURNALS <\/strong>– \u0441\u0442\u0440. 91<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0423\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \u0417\u0410 \u0410\u0412\u0422\u041e\u0420\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ GUIDE FOR AUTHORS<\/strong> – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 93<\/p>\n

\"icon\" Open the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0\u0422\u042e\u0422\u042e\u041d\u041e\u0422\u042a\u0420\u0413\u041e\u0412\u0415\u0426\u042a\u0422 \u0413\u0415\u041e\u0420\u0413\u0418 \u0427\u0410\u041b\u0411\u0423\u0420\u041e\u0412 \u2013<\/strong> \u041e\u0422 \u0411\u0415\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0415\u0426\u0410 \u0414\u041e \u0418\u041d\u0414\u0423\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0418\u0410\u041b\u0415\u0426\u0410<\/strong><\/p>\n


\n\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0423\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong>
\n\u0420\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u2013 \u0425\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e<\/em><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> \u0415\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u044e\u0442\u044e\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0425\u0425 \u0432. \u0435 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438 \u0427\u0430\u043b\u0431\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0434\u0431\u0430. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u044a\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044a\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0434\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u041f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u044e\u0442\u044e\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f. \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0425\u0425\u0406V \u0438 \u0425\u0425V \u041e\u041d\u0421 \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1944 \u0433. \u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u044a\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0442. \u043d\u0430\u0440. \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0441\u044a\u0434\u201c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e-\u043a\u044a\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441 15-\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u044a\u0434\u0430, \u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0443 e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e. \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0442\u044e\u0442\u044e\u043d\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446, \u0430 \u043f\u043e-\u043a\u044a\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0442 \u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435 \u2013 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044e\u0442\u044e\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0438.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> tobacco industry, trade, Georgi Chalburov, refugee, Thrace<\/p>\n


\nGEORGI CHALBUROV \u2013 THE REFUGEE TOBACCO RETAILER<\/strong><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> In the first half of XXth century one of the most distinguished figures in the tobacco industry was Georgi Chalburov. A popular retailer in the years between the two world wars, he had an interesting fate. In his early years he experienced the terror and the violent excesses over the Bulgarian population in Thrace by theTurkish and Greek authorities. He became a refugee by the will of the fate and after the First World War his hard work resulted in the imposition of his name in the tobacco trade. Because of his participation in XXIV and XXV General Assemblies and his large scale business activities, after the 1944 coup d\u2019etat he was arrested and convicted to life imprisonment by the so called „people\u2019s court of justice“. The verdict was later replaced with a 15-year sentence and property deprivation. A Thracian refugee, popular tobacco retailer and later \u2013 a political prisoner, his fate connected him to the history of the Thracian refugees and the later creation of the Thracian organization, but most of all \u2013 to the history of the tobacco trade in the years between the two world wars.<\/p>\n

Krassimira Uzunova, PhD<\/strong>
\nRegional Museum of History \u2013 Haskovo<\/em>
\nHaskovo, Bulgaria<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0\u041f\u041e\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0418\u041a\u0410\u0422\u0410 \u041d\u0410 \u042f\u041f\u041e\u041d\u0418\u042f<\/strong> \u041a\u042a\u041c \u0420\u0415\u041f\u0423\u0411\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0410 \u041a\u041e\u0420\u0415\u042f \u0418 \u041d\u041e\u0420\u041c\u0410\u041b\u0418\u0417\u0418\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0415\u0422\u041e<\/strong> \u041d\u0410 \u041e\u0422\u041d\u041e\u0428\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f\u0422\u0410 \u0418\u041c \u041f\u0420\u0415\u0417 1965 \u0413.<\/strong><\/p>\n


\nBoryana Miteva<\/strong>
\nSofia University<\/em><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u044f \u0441\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0441 \u0421\u0410\u0429, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e 1965 \u0433. \u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 XX \u0432. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 60-\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u043e-\u044e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1965 \u0433., \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u044a\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0412\u044a\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 60-\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438. \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u044f, \u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u044a\u0449\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0432 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u042e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u044f.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/em> Japan\u2019s foreign policy, Japan-ROK relations, Japan-ROK normalization<\/p>\n

JAPAN\u2019S POLICY TO ROK AND THE NORMALIZATION OF THEIR RELATIONS IN 1965<\/strong><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> The geographic proximity designates a constant historical and cultural interaction between Japan and Korea but despite the natural commitment, their bilateral relations are filled with tension and negativism. Bilateral conflicts are rooted in the militarism and the policy of conquer of the Japanese government towards Korea in the end of XIX and the beginning of the XX century. Problems succeeding the Second World War and the change in the superpowers\u2019 interests (USA and USSR) in the Cold war era, which resulted in creating two separate countries on the Korean peninsula, additionally aggravate Japanese-Korean relations. Although Japan and the Republic of Korea have been incorporated in a Western military, political and economic block through their treaties with USA (Japan-U.S. security treaty of 1951 and the Treaty of mutual security between the Republic of Korea and USA of 1953) the two countries have not succeeded in regulating their bilateral relations until 1965. It is due to a great number of problems like their reciprocal compensation claims (for the Japanese property in Korea and for the damages caused by the Japanese occupation in Korea), the indistinct status of the Korean population in Japan, the unilateral introducing of the so called \u201eRhee line\u201c in 1952, the advent of the territorial dispute for the Takeshima islands, the Japanese seikei bunri policy which allows Japan to sustain political relations only with RO\u041a, but at the same time – economic relations with both ROK and KPDR, the presence of a strong opposition within the social and political circles both in Japan and ROK. In the beginning of the 60\u2019s some factors have occurred that advantaged the Japan-ROK rapprochement. One of the most essential factors is the replacement of the government of Singman Rhee with Park Chong Hee who aims at the modernization and industrialization of the country through the help of Japan that has become an economic leader in the Western world. In Japan the Sato government also has stronger interpolitical support in LDP and has been stimulated by the Japanese business circles that have started to accomplish economic and technological exchange with their Korean partners years before signing a peace treaty. The outside pressure from USA, that needs stable alliance within the democratic powers in Asia-Pacifi c region, also assists for regulating Japan-ROK relations. USA strives for a tight control over the Japan\u2019s expanding economic cooperation with USSR, PRC and KPDR. After many years of negotiating Japan and ROK sign a Treaty of Basic relations on 22 of June, 1965, as well as series of agreements about their property and claims, the status of the Korean population in Japan, cooperation in the sphere of trade, culture and fishing. Inspite of different interpretations of some treaty articles, dissatisfaction from a part of the opposition in both countries and the fact that the territorial dispute has been unresolved, Japan succeed in restoring diplomatic relations with ROK, in regulating many problems of a mutual interest and in establishing an effective economic cooperation with the South Korea\u2019s government. Japan has become one of the most considerable partners for ROK displacing the West European and Asian\u00a0 competitors and to extent degree has contributed to the accomplishment of the national economic plans of the Park\u2019s government. Despite the negative reaction from Moscow, Beijing and Pyongyang regulating bilateral relations with ROK is an essential success for the Japanese diplomacy in the 60\u2019s because of the strategic and economic importance of ROK in East Asia. The methods of the economic diplomacy helped Japan to maintain a stable military and political alliance with USA and an attachment to the democratic values and to sustain fruitful economic contacts with USSR, PRC and KPDR. The economic growth and the increasing political influence of Tokyo in the region stimulated all countries regardless of the political and ideological contradictions to seek Japan\u2019s cooperation. The versatility and balance in the foreign policy allow Tokyo to accomplish the national priorities like regulating relations with ROK and to become a considerable factor for the security and power balance in East Asia.<\/p>\n

Boryana Miteva, PhD Student<\/strong>
\nSofia University \u201eSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201c<\/em>
\n\u00a0Sofia, Bulgaria<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0\u0411\u042a\u041b\u0413\u0410\u0420\u041e-\u0413\u0420\u042a\u0426\u041a\u0418 \u041e\u0422\u041d\u041e\u0428\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f<\/strong> \u041f\u041e \u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415 \u041d\u0410 \u0423\u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041b\u0415\u041d\u0418\u0415\u0422\u041e \u041d\u0410 \u0412\u041e\u0415\u041d\u041d\u0410\u0422\u0410<\/strong> \u0425\u0423\u041d\u0422\u0410 (1967\u20131974)<\/strong><\/p>\n


\n\u0422\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong>
\n\u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0436 \u2013 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b \u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u044a\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0445\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0413\u044a\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f (1967\u20131974). \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0447\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0413\u044a\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u0435 \u043f\u043e-\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1964 \u0433., \u0442\u044a\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u044f\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u043d\u0448\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u043d\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0413\u044a\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u044a\u0446\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u044a\u0446\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/em> Balkans, Bulgaria, Greece, Cold War, Foreign Policy<\/p>\n

BULGARIAN-GREEK RELATIONS DURING THE MILITARY JUNTA REGIME (1967\u20131974)<\/strong><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> The paper sets out to examine the development of the Bulgarian-Greek relations during the military junta regime (1967-1974) when the leadership in Athens demonstrated continuous steps towards favoring Bulgaria as a preferable foreign policy partner. Paradoxically enough, the Greek policy of rapprochement with its northern neighbor was initiated by a regime whose ideological foundations were laid upon politics of anti-communism and anti-Slavism. Through the method of historical reconstruction, the research analyzes the intricate interweaving between diplomacy and ideology arguing that despite the nature of the two rivalry regimes, relations between Sofi a and Athens marked a remarkable progress. Between 1967 and 1974 Greece and Bulgaria managed to establish regular political contacts for the fi rst time in their diplomatic history, to institutionalize their economic partnership and to sign their first agreement on cultural cooperation. The specific reconciliation between the two countries appeared as even more important, since it signified the accomplishment of important goals of Greek and Bulgarian foreign policy. To Bulgaria, the rapprochement with the junta culminated the decades-long efforts on the establishment of an official Bulgarian representation in Northern Greece and provided signifi cant back-up in the light of growing tensions to Turkey, Yugoslavia and Romania. To Greece, it broke the deadlock of the unfavorable international isolation and paved the way to the so called „Eastern opening“ of Greek foreign policy, which was further developed and implemented by the government of Constantinos Karamanlis. In addition, the course of Greek-Bulgarian relations transcended the specifics of bilateral and regional developments and altered into an indicative criterion of US and Soviet stances on important issues of international affairs such as disarmament, European security, Prague Spring, the Cyprus question and the Middle East. The study is based on key materials available at the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria and Greece, as well as on some essential data from the Bulgarian State Archives.<\/p>\n


\nTonka Kostadinova, PhD<\/strong>
\nDepartment of Liberal and Fine Arts<\/em>
\nThe American College of Sofia<\/em>
\nSofia, Bulgaria<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0THE IDEA OF KAZAKH RENAISSANCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gulim Kogabayeva<\/strong>
\nAl-Farabi Kazakh National University<\/em><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> The Kazakh Renaissance materialized in difficult times when many acute issues emerged in the society. The formation of the Kazakh statehood and the establishment of its sovereignty have developed in various forms and different periods in a rather complex and non-linear manner. Yet, in essence, they represent a single historical process. The development of the Kazakh nation and its progress in the world of globalization, its philosophic and cultural paradigm of studies will undoubtedly provide us with numerous possibilities. This will contribute to the formation of the national image of Kazakhstan, as well as to the absorption of the country\u2019s unique national philosophic foundation into the global cultural sphere.
\nThis study shows the names of the most famous and well-known patriots, who have made a significant contribution to the Renaissance of Kazakhstan. The Renaissance is not a result of the efforts of a particular man. It is a result of the successful work of a whole group. Patriots can be found in every layer of society, i.e. among blue-collar workers and intellectuals. The article also considers the youth activity in the society because the present and future of the country depends on the young generation. Therefore, the program made in the years of independence reflects the idea of handing over the values to the generation of 2030.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/em> Kazakh Renaissance, National idea, National Renaissance, generation of the Renaissance<\/p>\n

\u0418\u0414\u0415\u042f\u0422\u0410 \u0417\u0410 \u0420\u0415\u041d\u0415\u0421\u0410\u041d\u0421\u0410 \u041f\u0420\u0418 \u041a\u0410\u0417\u0410\u041a\u0418\u0422\u0415<\/strong><\/p>\n


\nAbstract.<\/strong> \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0441 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e.
\n\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0435\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u0438\u0449\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0449 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0454 \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u044a\u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0449\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d, \u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u043e \u0449\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439 -\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0441. \u0422\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a, \u0430 \u0435 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u041f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0432 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u2013 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0437\u044a\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044a\u0434\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, a o\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0435\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438 \u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u044a\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 2030.<\/p>\n


\nGulim Kogabayeva<\/strong>
\nAl-Farabi Kazakh National University<\/em>
\nAlmaty, Kazakhstan<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \/ CONTENTS \u041a\u042a\u041c \u0427\u0418\u0422\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ EDITORIAL – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 7 \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 REVIEW \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0412. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f) [The Bulgarian History from the Ukrainian Perspective (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043di\u0439, \u0412. I\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440i\u044f \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440i\u0457)] \/ \u0418. \u0411\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430 \/ I. Baeva – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 8 \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u041f\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0415\u0414 \u041d\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ VIEW OVER THE BALKAN […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":94,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"0","fullscreen":"0","sidebar":"","second_sidebar":"","sticky_sidebar":"0","share_position":"","share_float_style":"","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"0","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"0","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"","post_date_format_custom":"","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"","show_post_tag":"0","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"0","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"","single_post_gallery_size":""}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"","trending_post_label":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""}},"categories":[2878],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0441\u043f. "\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0441\u043f. "\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0\u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \/ CONTENTS \u041a\u042a\u041c \u0427\u0418\u0422\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ EDITORIAL – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 7 \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 REVIEW \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0412. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f) [The Bulgarian History from the Ukrainian Perspective (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043di\u0439, \u0412. I\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440i\u044f \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440i\u0457)] \/ \u0418. \u0411\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430 \/ I. Baeva – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 8 \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u041f\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0415\u0414 \u041d\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ VIEW OVER THE BALKAN […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-02-27T15:05:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-07-28T11:02:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/components_com_docman_themes_default_images_icons_16x16_pdf.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9541b190d939a7f23aaac7643f2815c8\"},\"headline\":\"\u0441\u043f. „\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f“, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-02-27T15:05:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-28T11:02:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/\"},\"wordCount\":2378,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"\u0421\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f. \\\"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\\\"\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/\",\"name\":\"\u0441\u043f. \\\"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\\\", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2013-02-27T15:05:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-28T11:02:13+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0441\u043f. “\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f”, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/\",\"name\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"description\":\"\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png\",\"width\":250,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nion_azbuki\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9541b190d939a7f23aaac7643f2815c8\",\"name\":\"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/babc78d7609db131b3cdd1c284076c7f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/babc78d7609db131b3cdd1c284076c7f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/author\/nelcho\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0441\u043f. \"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0441\u043f. \"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","og_description":"\u00a0\u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \/ CONTENTS \u041a\u042a\u041c \u0427\u0418\u0422\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ EDITORIAL – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 7 \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 REVIEW \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0412. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f) [The Bulgarian History from the Ukrainian Perspective (\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043di\u0439, \u0412. I\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440i\u044f \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440i\u0457)] \/ \u0418. \u0411\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430 \/ I. Baeva – \u0441\u0442\u0440. 8 \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u041f\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0415\u0414 \u041d\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \/ VIEW OVER THE BALKAN […]","og_url":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/","og_site_name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","article_published_time":"2013-02-27T15:05:16+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-07-28T11:02:13+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/components_com_docman_themes_default_images_icons_16x16_pdf.png"}],"author":"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/"},"author":{"name":"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9541b190d939a7f23aaac7643f2815c8"},"headline":"\u0441\u043f. „\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f“, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013","datePublished":"2013-02-27T15:05:16+00:00","dateModified":"2022-07-28T11:02:13+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/"},"wordCount":2378,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization"},"articleSection":["\u0421\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f. \"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\""],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/","url":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/","name":"\u0441\u043f. \"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2013-02-27T15:05:16+00:00","dateModified":"2022-07-28T11:02:13+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles\/sp-istoriya-knizhka-1-godina-xxi-2013\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0441\u043f. “\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f”, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 1, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXI, 2013"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/","name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","description":"\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization","name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","url":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png","width":250,"height":70,"caption":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nion_azbuki\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9541b190d939a7f23aaac7643f2815c8","name":"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/babc78d7609db131b3cdd1c284076c7f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/babc78d7609db131b3cdd1c284076c7f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u0410\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f Vracheva"},"url":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/author\/nelcho\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38172"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/94"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38172"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80506,"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38172\/revisions\/80506"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}